BIM vs. Digital Twin: What Is the Core Difference?

The idea behind a digital twin technology is to have a virtual version of a building that changes in real time with its physical counterpart. Now compare that to Building Information Modeling (BIM). 

BIM is an advanced digital model of the operational and physical attributes of a building that is usually utilized in the design and construction stages. Though both technologies are transforming the building sector, what is the main difference between BIM and digital twin?

The difference between BIM vs Digital Twin rests not just in their intended use but also in how far along in their life cycles they are. When a structure is in operation, Digital Twins offer ongoing feedback on how it is performing.Whereas BIM acts as a blueprint from inception to completion. 

In fact, studies indicate that large-scale infrastructure projects use digital twins to optimize design and provide real-time construction monitoring by 2031.

This blog will direct you through the main differences between digital twins and BIM and show you how each has a special function in contemporary construction management.

BIM is a software that helps design, construct, and manage buildings and infrastructure projects. 

Primarily used in Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (or simply AEC), BIM provides a digital representation of a building with its physical and functional characteristics. The characteristics include geometry, spatial relationships, light analysis, and more. 

Take a look at the benefits of using BIM in your construction project. 

• Reduces human errors saving time and money

• AEC experts and owners can predict potential risks and failures

• Streamline complex design operations and enable better project planning. 

• Build energy-efficient and environmentally-friendly infrastructure 

• Better decision-making with centralized real-time data of the project. 

The Key Components of BIM 

1. 3D Modeling

The 3D modeling component of BIM software helps create the digital representation of the building. The 3D model provides detailed information about the building's various components, such as

1. Structural and architectural elements

2. Mechanical, Electrical, and Plumbing (MEP) systems, 

3. And other building systems 

2. Information Management

The information management system of BIM allows AEC experts and stakeholders to share data and work on it in real-time. Stakeholders can also access different types of data, such as BIM models, drawings, specifications, and many more., from a centralized location.

Consequently, AEC experts can easily manage large volumes of data and make informed decisions. 

3. Collaboration

Collaboration and communication are two integral parts of project management. And BIM allows AEC experts to share and edit data in real-time, facilitating collaboration. Doing so helps AEC experts to streamline workflow and enable better decision-making. 

BIM also provides a centralized platform for all project data, meaning easy access to the collected data. 

Applications of BIM in Construction and Infrastructure Projects

The following are the major applications of BIM in the field of construction and infrastructure. 

1. Structural Engineering

Since BIM offers 3D models with various proprietary formats and enables adding time and cost data, it is widely used in structural engineering. 

Moreover, BIM helps structural engineers efficiently analyze geometry, material properties, loading conditions, and more. 

2. Reinforced Concrete Models

Reinforced concrete design and rebar detailing can be done in 3D using rebar detailing software. This software also allows precise modeling and tracking of every structural member. As a result, it makes it easier and more efficient to create automated rebar drawings, details, and lists. 

3. Infrastructure and Architecture Design

Using BIM, architects, and collaborators can create 3D models of buildings and infrastructure designs to visualize the product better. BIM also allows them to collaborate and work from a single platform to the most efficient, sustainable design. 

4. Faculty Management

By centralizing the project data, BIM helps you to create a detailed maintenance schedule for the project. Also, BIM can monitor equipment performance, detect issues, and provide predictive maintenance recommendations. Doing so enables you to take proactive steps to avoid downtime and reduce maintenance costs. 

In addition to maintenance, it can also be used to manage the overall facility. This includes space management, energy management, and asset management.

Digital Twin is a virtual replica of an asset that simulates real-world behavior. 

A digital twin can be used to analyze the entire lifecycle of a physical asset. From the concept of a product or an entity to its development, production, operation, and maintenance, the digital twin can offer endless support.

In addition, modern digital twin technology allows designers to test and validate physical assets in various real-world scenarios with the help of sensors and IoT devices. So digital twin offers a set of innovative features that helps designers monitor the performance of a building or asset in real time. 

Following are some of the main benefits of having a Digital Twin:

• Improved design and engineering of the product.

• Allows predictive maintenance to avoid downtime and increase asset lifespan.

• Optimize performance allowing for continuous improvement and efficiency gains.

• Identify potential issues and risks, allowing for proactive risk mitigation.

• Improved collaboration between stakeholders.

Follow the link to learn more about digital twins in construction.

Key Components of Digital Twin

1. IoT Integration

IoT sensors and tracking devices can receive data from real assets and transfer it to the digital twin and vice versa. This way, digital twins allow stakeholders to monitor and analyze data in real time. 

2. Data and Analytics

Digital Twins can store detailed information about a building or system from multiple sources. Leveraging advanced analytics and machine learning analyzes these data and generates actionable insights. As a result, this key component allows manufacturers to gain more insights into their products and predict outcomes like never before. 

3. Predictive Analysis

Predictive analysis is another key component of the digital twin that helps stakeholders to manage the maintenance and operations of the asset effectively. With the help of different types of sensors, the digital twin can predict and avoid potential system failure by providing insights into when and what type of repair the system needs. 

Also, take a look at the difference between preventive and predictive maintenance.

4. Simulation

This allows project owners to test a process or a physical system in different real-life conditions. As a result, manufacturers can develop the best and most efficient production methodology and prevent potential failures. 

Applications of Digital Twin in Various Industries

1. Manufacturing

Digital twins are used in manufacturing industries to streamline the design process and test product performance. In addition, digital twins are also applied in other aspects of manufacturing, such as predictive maintenance, operations management, employee collaboration, etc. 

Further read: How digital twin projects are transforming the Manufacturing industry

2. Healthcare

In healthcare, the digital twin is used for designing and optimizing personalized medical devices such as prosthetics, assistive technology, and surgical equipment. Digital twin technology is also employed to gather real-time patient data using wearables and sensors. 

Learn more about the role of digital twins in healthcare.

3. Smart Cities

Digital twins are effectively used in smart city planning to make it more environmentally and economically sustainable. The insights obtained from the digital twin regarding building models and infrastructure allow city planners to make informed decisions and improve the quality of citizen's life. 

Please read: How is Digital Twins Transforming Smart Cities

4. Retail

Digital twins are widely used to improve customer service and deliver personalized products to customers. For example, retailers can provide perfect clothing accessories to customers by evaluating their digital twin models.

5. Automobiles and Aerospace

With digital twins, aerospace engineers can test and validate the performances of airframes, engines, and other components to ensure the safety of passengers. Similarly, digital twins are also used in automobile industries for designing and analyzing various automotive products. 

Suggested read: How Digital Twin Can Train Workers in the Automotive Industry

1. Focus

BIM primarily focuses on designing, constructing, and managing built assets. It emphasizes collaboration among various stakeholders to streamline the design, construction, and maintenance processes. 

Digital Twins go beyond design and construction, focusing on the entire lifecycle of a built asset, including maintenance, operations, and end-of-life decommissioning. The primary goal of Digital Twins is to optimize asset performance, reduce operating costs, and enhance user experiences.

2. Scope

The scope of BIM covers multiple stages of the building lifecycle. This includes planning, design, construction, and operation. It is a digital representation of a facility's physical and functional characteristics. 

BIM integrates different data types related to a building, such as geometry, spatial relationships, and material properties. As a result, BIM models can be used for various purposes, such as design analysis, clash detection, cost estimation, and scheduling.

Digital Twins create a dynamic, real-time digital replica of a physical asset. The physical assets can include buildings, infrastructure, and even entire cities. This virtual model integrates data from various sources, such as sensors, IoT devices, historical data, and maintenance records. 

By connecting this information, Digital Twins enable advanced analytics, simulation, and predictive maintenance, ultimately aiding in decision-making and performance optimization.

3. Data

BIM primarily relies on static data to digitally represent a building or infrastructure. This data is usually collected during the planning, design, and construction stages and may include the following. 

1. Geometric Data of the building. This includes the building components' shape, size, and spatial relationships.

2. Material Properties of the built asset, such as their physical properties, cost, and appearance.

3. Data related to structural elements, mechanical, electrical, and plumbing systems.

4. Information on building codes, standards, and design requirements.

This static data is then integrated into the BIM model and serves as a reference point for various stakeholders involved in the project. However, once the construction is completed, the BIM model may not be updated frequently, and the data remains relatively constant.

In contrast to BIM, Digital Twins leverage dynamic, real-time data to create an up-to-date digital replica of a physical asset. These data sources are continuously updated and may include the following.

1. Collect sensor data/information from various sensors and IoT devices installed in the building. This information can include temperature, humidity, occupancy, energy consumption, and more.

2. Operational data related to the daily operation of the building, including HVAC performance, equipment status, and maintenance records.

3. User feedback data from occupants and users of the building. This feedback can provide actionable insights into their experience and satisfaction levels.

4. Environmental data, such as weather conditions, that impact the building's performance is collected. 

The dynamic nature of the data used in Digital Twins allows for real-time monitoring, analytics, and decision-making. This continuous flow of information enables stakeholders to optimize asset performance, predict and prevent issues, and improve overall user experience.

Suggested read: Smart Homes (IoT): How IoT help our lives? 

Though they both have differences, combining the two technologies can do wonders. By integrating BIM with Digital Twin, you can get the combined benefit of a model-based approach and real-time monitoring. Also, the integration can help identify and address design and construction issues early. As a result, it leads to more efficient and cost-effective project delivery. 

Following are a few ways we can get the combined benefits of both. 

1. Improved design and construction 

ACE experts can create a detailed representation of the building with BIM models. And by enriching these models with additional data, they can create a Digital Twin that can simulate the building's behavior and performance. 

Doing so can help identify and resolve potential risks beforehand and complete the project faster. 

2. Enhanced collaboration

BIM and Digital Twins can enable improved collaboration among project stakeholders. BIM centralizes the project data, making it easy to access and share. Digital Twin, on the other hand, can help facilitate the collaboration between stakeholders during the operation and maintenance of the building. By enhancing collaboration, stakeholders can make informed decisions and improve project outcomes. 

3. Improved facility management

Digital Twins can be used for ongoing facility management, enabling owners and operators to monitor building performance and identify potential issues. This can lead to reduced maintenance costs and improved occupant comfort and safety.

4. Optimized energy consumption

Digital Twins can simulate and optimize a building's energy consumption. This can help reduce energy costs and improve environmental sustainability.

5. Real-time monitoring

You can understand your building's performance with Digital Twin's real-time monitoring. This further helps with predictive maintenance and reduces the risk of equipment failure. As a result, it improves the building's performance and reduces downtime.

6. Lower Maintenance Expenses

Predictive maintenance is made possible by digital twins that are fed by BIM data. Potential problems can be fixed before they become expensive replacements by simulating the breakdown or monitoring equipment through real-time feedback.

7. Safety and Risk Management

Virtual testing of many building and operational situations is possible with both technologies. Digital twins enable post-construction safety risk monitoring and provide a more proactive approach to hazard detection. On the other hand, BIM aids in the identification of possible construction hazards during design.

8. Reduction of Environmental Impact and Sustainability

Construction teams may make more environmentally responsible decisions by simulating the effects of materials, energy use, and design choices with the use of BIM and Digital Twin technologies. Achieving sustainability objectives, including obtaining LEED certification, may depend on this.

Suggested read: Digital Twin in Sustainable Construction 

9. Better Decision-Making With Present Information

Real-time performance data can be continuously accessed by integrating BIM from sketch to digital twin. As a result, based on actual building usage patterns, project managers, designers, and operational groups can make well-informed decisions on lighting, heating, and cooling systems.

10. Management of Lifecycle

BIM allows you to model the design and construction of the building, but Digital Twins go beyond this by providing continuous insights into the lifecycle of the structure. This integration aids in the management of the building from construction to maintenance, guaranteeing that upgrades, repairs, and optimizations are carried out effectively long after the structure is finished.

 Case Study: Predictive Maintenance System to Prevent Malfunctioning Machines

When integrated properly, BIM and digital twins can do wonders in construction and infrastructure projects. Here are some real-world examples:

1. Heathrow Airport

The airport stakeholders of Heathrow Airport in London employ an integrated BIM and digital twin solution to gather insights regarding airport life cycle data for actionable insights. In doing so, they experienced cost savings, risk reductions, and many other benefits.

Corey Gray, the global CEO of Smart Cities Council, says that the digital twin of the airport helped them gather insights about the foot traffic in an entire day in different spaces in an airport. Identifying high-traffic areas enabled them to make informed decisions and improve passenger experiences.

2. Sydney Opera House

One of the world's iconic structures, the Sydney Opera House, was constructed in 1973 for $102 million AUS! The Business Information Modelling Academy started a collaboration with the Sydney Opera House in 2013 to improve the operational and cost efficiencies of the building.

The experts created a web-based BIM4FM interface coupled with a BIM model of the building, which helped them improve the visitor experience and operational and maintenance activities. This way, the Opera House stopped its outdated data collection method and started relying on technologies to enhance building operations and maintenance.

Follow the link to see more examples of digital twins.

3. Hong Kong International Airport (HKIA)

The integrated BIM and digital twin solution was adopted by Hong Kong International Airport (HKIA) for its expansion project. To maximize resources and simulate different construction phases, a Digital BIM model was employed. 

HKIA can monitor and anticipate maintenance requirements. They also optimize airport operations, and guarantee safety standards by switching from a BIM to a live Digital Twin during operations. 

The productivity of operations has increased and maintenance expenses have decreased due to the Digital Twin's predictive capabilities.

4. Helsinki City - Smart Infrastructure Design

The application of BIM and digital twins to infrastructure construction and urban planning was pioneered by the City of Helsinki. Helsinki may replicate all aspects of the city, including energy use and traffic patterns, by building a Digital Twin. 

City planners may anticipate future constructions while maximizing resources and reducing environmental consequences because of the integration of BIM from sketch to Digital Twin. 

The project contributes to Helsinki's larger objective of managing energy and resource efficiency through the use of smart infrastructure in order to become carbon neutral by 2035.

5. Virtual Orlando: Orlando's Digital Twin

A digital representation of Orlando, Florida, has been created through the use of BIM and Digital Twin technology. 

Named Virtual Orlando, the project enables urban planners to model actual events like earthquakes, traffic jams, and infrastructure improvements. 

The city can make better judgments by integrating BIM from sketch to digital twin. This enhances urban infrastructure and maximizes city services like trash management, energy distribution, and public safety.

Follow the link to see more examples of digital twins.

BIM and Digital Twins play a crucial role in the advancement of the AEC industry. Though they have their differences, especially in the area of focus, scope of work, and the type of data collected. But together, they have the potential to revolutionize the way we conceive, build, and maintain our built environment.

As these technologies advance and become more intertwined, the boundary between BIM and Digital Twin may become even more blurred. 

But one of the challenges businesses face today is finding or hiring laborers with the right tech skill. Since creating, implementing, and maintaining Digital twins require high-end tech knowledge, hiring an in-house team can be daunting. Not to mention expensive. 

So how to overcome this challenge? Outsource the work to the best digital twin development company. 

With the right digital twin experts by your side, you can get the following benefits. 

• Work with professionals and industry experts to develop, implement and maintain your digital twin. 

• You can leverage the resources and infrastructure of these experts to build the digital twin. This way, you can avoid hiring and training employees and purchasing software licenses, reducing the overall costs. 

• You can ensure the timely delivery of your digital twin because of the proper team and time management process put in place. 

• Get assistance with updates, troubleshoot issues, and optimize the digital twin over time. As a result, you can ensure the digital twin's continued effectiveness and alignment with the organization's goals.

• Also, you can focus more on your company's competencies by outsourcing your digital twin development. This can free up valuable resources and enable them to concentrate on their primary business objectives.

Searching for a digital twin expert? Look no further than Toobler. We have experience and expertise in developing digital twins across various industries. 

Ready to unlock the full potential of digital twin technology for your business? Get in touch with us now and start your journey towards smarter, more efficient operations with Toobler's cutting-edge digital twin solutions!